The development of transparent solar panels typically proceeds in two ways. The first is to make solar cells using extremely thin films on the nanometer scale, which means that when you reduce the thickness of some materials, the transparency of the materials increases. In this approach, multiple layers of materials are combined to form solar cells, similar to the manufacturing process for traditional silicon-based cells. However, the overall transparency of the solar cell can be increased by using extremely thin films for each layer. Many different processes exist for the fabrication of conductive films and the deposition of these films on substrates, each of which has a different impact on the overall performance and cost of the solar cell.

Another approach is to use transparent materials that naturally allow visible light to pass through while absorbing light in the ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) spectrum, which can then be used to generate electricity. This takes advantage of the fact that buildings with glass curtain walls often already have a coating that filters some of the incoming light at ultraviolet and infrared frequencies to protect people in the building from ultraviolet radiation and prevent excessive infrared radiation from Heating buildings. Instead of throwing away this energy, this type of transparent solar cell allows the energy in invisible wavelengths to not only be captured but converted into usable electricity.

Many of the more promising technologies combine these two overlapping techniques, since the layers used to build solar cells are very thin, which increases their transparency, and select layers are also able to absorb NIR and/or UV radiation. There is a range of different materials that enable this phenomenon, including polymers, perovskites, quantum dots, and transparent luminescent solar concentrators (TLSCs). In addition, organic dyes can be used as doping elements to increase the wavelength range and the number of photons absorbed, which in turn increases the number of electrons and holes generated. This improves the working efficiency of solar cells.

Jiaxing Fuying Composite Materials Co., Ltd. is a PV solar panels manufacturer in China. The company is committed to the research, application, production, and sales of Transparent BIPV Modules and BIPV solar panels.